Specification points

Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) Geography 4GE1

119 points in 2 topics, with Edexcel's codes and titles.

Codes and titles are read by a script from Edexcel's published specification and have not been checked by a person. What each point covers is in the specification itself: Edexcel’s specification.

P1 Physical geography

1 River environments
1.1 The hydrological cycle as a closed system
1.1.a Hydrological cycle stores and transfers
1.1.b Features of a drainage basin
1.1.c Factors affecting river regimes
1.2 Physical processes and river landforms
1.2.a Fluvial processes in valley and channel formation
1.2.b Changes in channel and valley along a named river
1.2.c Upland and lowland river landforms
1.3 Sustainable management of river environments
1.3.a Water uses, demand and supply
1.3.b Water quality and the supply of clean water
1.3.c Causes, prediction and prevention of river flooding
2 Coastal environments
2.1 Physical processes, human intervention and coastal landforms
2.1.a Marine processes, weathering and mass movement at the coast
2.1.b Influences on coastal environments
2.1.c Erosional and depositional coastal landforms
2.2 Coastal ecosystems
2.2.a Distribution and features of coastal ecosystems
2.2.b Abiotic and biotic features of a named coastal ecosystem
2.2.c Human threats to coastal ecosystems
2.3 Sustainable management of coastal environments
2.3.a Conflicts between coastal users
2.3.b Causes, prediction and prevention of coastal flooding
2.3.c Coastal management strategies
3 Hazardous environments
3.1 Why some places are more hazardous
3.1.a Types, distribution and measurement of natural hazards
3.1.b Causes of tropical cyclones
3.1.c Causes of volcanic and earthquake hazards
3.2 Impacts of hazards on people and the environment
3.2.a Why people live in hazardous areas
3.2.b Vulnerability of countries to natural hazards
3.2.c Impacts of an earthquake, a volcano and a tropical cyclone
3.3 Managing earthquake hazards
3.3.a Preparing for earthquakes
3.3.b Short-term responses and relief (emergency aid, shelter and supplies)
3.3.c Longer-term planning for earthquakes

P2 Human geography

4 Economic activity and energy
4.1 Economic sectors and the location of economic activity
4.1.a Employment structure by economic sector
4.1.b Factors affecting the location of economic activity
4.1.c Changes in employment in each economic sector
4.2 Impacts of the growth and decline of economic sectors
4.2.a Impacts of economic sector shifts
4.2.b Informal employment in a named megacity
4.2.c Malthus, Boserup, population and resources
4.3 Energy gap, energy security and sustainable energy use
4.3.a Global variation in energy demand and production
4.3.b Renewable and non-renewable energy sources compared
4.3.c Sustainable energy management
5 Rural environments
5.1 Human exploitation of rural ecosystems
5.1.a Distribution and characteristics of world biomes
5.1.b Goods and services from natural ecosystems
5.1.c Farming systems and the modification of ecosystems
5.2 Characteristics and change in rural environments
5.2.a Characteristics of a rural environment
5.2.b Rural change in a named developed country
5.2.c Rural change in a named developing or emerging country
5.3 Sustainable rural environments
5.3.a Diversification of farming
5.3.b Strategies for sustainable rural living
5.3.c Groups managing challenges in a rural environment
6 Urban environments
6.1 Growth of the world's urban population
6.1.a Trends in urbanisation over the last 50 years
6.1.b Factors affecting the rate of urbanisation and the emergence of megacities
6.1.c Problems of rapid urbanisation
6.2 Social and environmental challenges of growing cities
6.2.a Factors affecting urban land use patterns
6.2.b Urban challenges in a named developed country
6.2.c Urban challenges in a named developing or emerging country
6.3 Sustainable management of urban challenges
6.3.a Development of the rural-urban fringe
6.3.b Strategies for sustainable urban living
6.3.c Groups managing challenges in an urban area
7 Fragile environments and climate change
7.1 Threats to fragile environments
7.1.a Distribution and characteristics of fragile environments
7.1.b Causes of desertification and deforestation
7.1.c Natural and human causes of climate change
7.2 Impacts of desertification, deforestation and climate change
7.2.a Impacts of desertification
7.2.b Impacts of deforestation
7.2.c Effects of climate change on fragile environments
7.3 Responses to threats to fragile environments
7.3.a Technology and water shortages in fragile environments
7.3.b Sustainable management of a named rainforest
7.3.c Responses to global warming and climate change
8 Globalisation and migration
8.1 Globalisation, trade, migration and tourism
8.1.a Rise of the global economy
8.1.b Global institutions and TNCs
8.1.c Push and pull factors in migration
8.2 Global variation in the impacts of globalisation
8.2.a Impacts of globalisation on different groups
8.2.b Impacts of migration
8.2.c Impacts of global tourism
8.3 Responses to increased migration and tourism
8.3.a Geopolitics of trade, migration and tourism
8.3.b Managing long-term migration in a named country
8.3.c Making tourism more sustainable
9 Development and human welfare
9.1 Defining and measuring development
9.1.a Ways of defining development
9.1.b Factors in development and human welfare
9.1.c Measures of development
9.2 Global variation in development and its consequences
9.2.a Global pattern of uneven development
9.2.b Impact of uneven development in a named country
9.2.c Demographic differences between countries
9.3 Sustainable strategies for uneven development
9.3.a International strategies to reduce uneven development
9.3.b Views on tackling the development gap
9.3.c Top-down and bottom-up development projects