Specification points

AQA A-level Economics 7136

95 points in 2 topics, with AQA's codes and titles.

Codes and titles are read by a script from AQA's published specification and have not been checked by a person. What each point covers is in the specification itself: AQA’s specification.

4.1 Individuals, firms, markets and market failure

4.1.1 Economic methodology and the economic problem
4.1.1.1 Economic methodology
4.1.1.2 The nature and purpose of economic activity
4.1.1.3 Economic resources
4.1.1.4 Scarcity, choice and the allocation of resources
4.1.1.5 Production possibility diagrams
4.1.2 Individual economic decision making
4.1.2.1 Consumer behaviour
4.1.2.2 Imperfect information
4.1.2.3 Aspects of behavioural economic theory
4.1.2.4 Behavioural economics and economic policy
4.1.3 Price determination in a competitive market
4.1.3.1 The determinants of the demand for goods and services
4.1.3.2 Price, income and cross elasticities of demand
4.1.3.3 The determinants of the supply of goods and services
4.1.3.4 Price elasticity of supply
4.1.3.5 The determination of equilibrium market prices
4.1.3.6 The interrelationship between markets
4.1.4 Production, costs and revenue
4.1.4.1 Production and productivity
4.1.4.2 Specialisation, division of labour and exchange
4.1.4.3 The law of diminishing returns and returns to scale
4.1.4.4 Costs of production
4.1.4.5 Economies and diseconomies of scale
4.1.4.6 Marginal, average and total revenue
4.1.4.7 Profit
4.1.4.8 Technological change
4.1.5 Perfect competition, imperfectly competitive markets and monopoly
4.1.5.1 Market structures
4.1.5.2 The objectives of firms
4.1.5.3 Perfect competition
4.1.5.4 Monopolistic competition
4.1.5.5 Oligopoly
4.1.5.6 Monopoly and monopoly power
4.1.5.7 Price discrimination
4.1.5.8 The dynamics of competition and competitive market processes
4.1.5.9 Contestable and non-contestable markets
4.1.5.10 Market structure, static efficiency, dynamic efficiency and resource allocation
4.1.5.11 Consumer and producer surplus
4.1.6 The labour market
4.1.6.1 The demand for labour, marginal productivity theory
4.1.6.2 Influences upon the supply of labour to different markets
4.1.6.3 Wages and employment in perfectly competitive labour markets
4.1.6.4 Wages and employment in imperfectly competitive labour markets
4.1.6.5 The Influence of trade unions in determining wages and levels of employment
4.1.6.6 The National Minimum Wage
4.1.6.7 Discrimination in the labour market
4.1.7 The distribution of income and wealth: poverty and inequality
4.1.7.1 The distribution of income and wealth
4.1.7.2 The problem of poverty
4.1.7.3 Policies on poverty and the distribution of income and wealth
4.1.8 The market mechanism, market failure and government intervention in markets
4.1.8.1 How markets and prices allocate resources
4.1.8.2 The meaning of market failure
4.1.8.3 Public goods, private goods and quasi-public goods
4.1.8.4 Positive and negative externalities in consumption and production
4.1.8.5 Merit and demerit goods
4.1.8.6 Market imperfections
4.1.8.7 Competition policy
4.1.8.8 Public ownership, privatisation, regulation and deregulation of markets
4.1.8.9 Government intervention in markets
4.1.8.10 Government failure

4.2 The national and international economy

4.2.1 The measurement of macroeconomic performance
4.2.1.1 The objectives of government economic policy
4.2.1.2 Macroeconomic indicators
4.2.1.3 Uses of index numbers
4.2.1.4 Uses of national income data
4.2.2 The macroeconomy: circular flow and aggregate demand and supply
4.2.2.1 The circular flow of income
4.2.2.2 Aggregate demand and aggregate supply analysis
4.2.2.3 The determinants of aggregate demand
4.2.2.4 Aggregate demand and the level of economic activity
4.2.2.5 Determinants of short-run aggregate supply
4.2.2.6 Determinants of long-run aggregate supply
4.2.3 Economic performance
4.2.3.1 Economic growth and the economic cycle
4.2.3.2 Employment and unemployment
4.2.3.3 Inflation and deflation
4.2.3.4 Possible conflicts between macroeconomic policy objectives
4.2.4 Financial markets and monetary policy
4.2.4.1 The structure of financial markets and financial assets
4.2.4.2 Commercial banks and investment banks
4.2.4.3 Central banks and monetary policy
4.2.4.4 The regulation of the financial system
4.2.5 Fiscal policy and supply-side policies
4.2.5.1 Fiscal policy
4.2.5.2 Supply-side policies
4.2.6 The international economy
4.2.6.1 Globalisation
4.2.6.2 Trade
4.2.6.3 The balance of payments
4.2.6.4 Exchange rate systems
4.2.6.5 Economic growth and development